73.040 (Coals) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D441-07(2012) 煤的滚筒试验的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative friability of a particular size of sized coal. It affords a means of measuring the liability of coal to break into smaller pieces when subjected to repeated handling at the mine or subsequently, by the distributor or by the consumer. This test method is serviceable for ascertaining the similarity of coals in respect to friability rather than for determining values within narrow limits to emphasize their dissimilarity. This test method also may serve to indicate the relative extent to which sized coals will suffer size degradation in certain mechanical feed devices. This test method may be used for differentiating between certain ranks and grades of coal, and therefore the test method is of service for coal classification purposes. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units shall be regarded as the standard. Mass may be expressed in metric values. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method of Tumbler Test for Coal

ASTM D441-07 煤的滚筒试验的标准试验方法

This test method is a measure of the resistance of the coal to breakage upon impact and abrasion as the coal rubs together and against the walls of the transportation vehicle.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative friability of a particular size of sized coal. It affords a means of measuring the liability of coal to break into smaller pieces when subjected to repeated handling at the mine or subsequently, by the distributor or by the consumer. This test method is serviceable for ascertaining the similarity of coals in respect to friability rather than for determining values within narrow limits to emphasize their dissimilarity. This test method also may serve to indicate the relative extent to which sized coals will suffer size degradation in certain mechanical feed devices. This test method may be used for differentiating between certain ranks and grades of coal, and therefore the test method is of service for coal classification purposes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units shall be regarded as the standard. Mass may be expressed in metric values.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method of Tumbler Test for Coal

ASTM D6609-07 煤随机抽样的标准指南

1.1 This guide covers general principles for obtaining a gross sample of coal by taking increments from part of a stream of coal rather than from the entire stream to be sampled. The usefulness of results from this guide will vary greatly depending on such factors as top size of the coal, size consistency of the coal, variability of the coal, and such logistical factors as the flow rate of the coal in process and physical accessibility of the sampling station.1.2 This guide should be used only when it is not possible to use a method of sampling that produces a probability sample.1.3 Sample preparation procedures involving crushing are contained in Method D 2013.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal

ASTM D291-07(2012) 碎烟煤立方英尺重量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining the cubic foot weight of crushed coal less than 11/2 in. (37 mm) in size, such as is charged into coke ovens, as follows: 1.1.1 Procedure A???The cone procedure for determining an uncompacted weight per cubic foot (cubic metre). 1.1.2 Procedure B???The dropped-coal procedure for determining a compacted weight per cubic foot (cubic metre), comparable to actual bulk densities attained in coke ovens. 1.2 This test method is not applicable to the testing of powdered coal as used in boiler plants, nor to the determination of weights per cubic foot of coal in storage piles. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Mass may be expressed in metric values. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Cubic Foot Weight of Crushed Bituminous Coal

ASTM D4596-07 收集矿井中掘槽采样煤的标准实施规程

A properly collected face channel sample that includes the total coal bed interval provides a sample that is a representative cross section of the coal bed at the point of sampling. Channel samples are taken for subsequent testing needed for evaluation of coal quality and characterization for commercial evaluations, for planning of mining operations to maintain coal quality, for the determination of coal rank in accordance with Classification D 388, and for geologic coal resource studies. Note 18212;Because of the potential for lateral variability, a sample may not represent the quality of the coal bed at another sample point. The reliability of the data generated from channel samples is dependent on the number and spacing of the sample points and the variability of the coal characteristics in a given area. Note 28212;Sampling of the mine product for these purposes is unsatisfactory because of contamination of the product with out-of-seam material, selective mining of parts of a seam, inability to obtain samples from one or more specific locations in the mine, or other incompatibility of the purpose of sampling with the mining practice. Conversely, channel samples should not be used for evaluation of the quality of commercial shipments of the mine product, which should be sampled in accordance with Methods D 2234. 1.1 This practice describes procedures for collecting a coal sample from a channel extending from top to bottom in the face of a coal seam in a mine. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary information, see Note 2.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard; inch-pound units, which are provided for information, are approximations.

Standard Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine

ASTM D291-07 碎烟煤立方英尺重量的标准试验方法

This test method concerns the compaction of crushed coal to determine either its compacted or uncompacted weight, for purposes such as charging coke ovens. PROCEDURE A—CONE PROCEDURE FOR UNCOMPACTED CUBIC FOOT (CUBIC METRE) WEIGHT Top 1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining the cubic foot weight of crushed coal less than 11/ 2 in. (37 mm) in size, such as is charged into coke ovens, as follows:1.1.1 Procedure AThe cone procedure for determining an uncompacted weight per cubic foot (cubic metre).1.1.2 Procedure BThe dropped-coal procedure for determining a compacted weight per cubic foot (cubic metre), comparable to actual bulk densities attained in coke ovens.1.2 This test method is not applicable to the testing of powdered coal as used in boiler plants, nor to the determination of weights per cubic foot of coal in storage piles.1.3 inch-pound-units; Mass may be expressed in metric values.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Cubic Foot Weight of Crushed Bituminous Coal

ASTM D5865-07 煤和焦炭总热值的标准试验方法

The gross calorific value can be used to compute the total calorific content of the quantity of coal or coke represented by the sample for payment purposes. The gross calorific value can be used for computing the calorific value versus sulfur content to determine whether the coal meets regulatory requirements for industrial fuels. The gross calorific value can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of beneficiation processes. The gross calorific value can be required to classify coals according to Classification D 388.1.1 This test method pertains to the determination of the gross calorific value of coal and coke by either an isoperibol or adiabatic bomb calorimeter. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

ASTM D7256/D7256M-06a 移动气流中煤炭总样本的机械收集和系统内制备的标准实施规程

It is intended that this practice be used to provide a sample representative of the coal from which it is collected. Because of the variability of coal and the wide variety of mechanical sampling equipment available, caution should be used in all stages of the sample collection process, the design of sampling system specifications, the equipment procurement and the acceptance testing of installed equipment. After removal from the sampling system and further preparation (Practice D 2013), the sample may be analyzed for a number of different parameters. These parameters may define the lotrsquo;value, its ability to meet specifications, its environmental impact, as well as other properties. 1.1 This practice covers procedures for the mechanical collection of a sample under Classification I-B-1 and I-B-2 (Practice D 2234) and the within-system preparation (reduction and division) of gross samples utilizing various components of the mechanical sampling system.1.2 This practice describes mechanical sampling procedures for coals (1) by size and condition of preparation (for example, mechanically cleaned coal or raw coal) and (2) by sampling characteristics.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, use each system independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Mechanical Collection and Within-System Preparation of a Gross Sample of Coal from Moving Streams

ASTM D6518-06 煤机械取样系统偏差试验的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice presents sample collection and statistical evaluation procedures for testing mechanical sampling systems, subsystems, and individual system components for bias. It is the responsibility of the user of this practice to select the appropriate procedure for a specific sampling situation.1.2 This practice does not purport to define an absolute bias. Bias defined by this practice is the difference between the population mean of the mechanical sampler test results and the accepted reference value.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Bias Testing a Mechanical Coal Sampling System

ASTM D7256/D7256M-06 移动气流中煤炭总样本的机械收集和系统内制备的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the mechanical collection of a sample under Classification I-B-1 and I-B-2 (Practice D 2234) and the within-system preparation (reduction and division) of gross samples utilizing various components of the mechanical sampling system.1.2 This practice describes mechanical sampling procedures for coals (1) by size and condition of preparation (for example, mechanically cleaned coal or raw coal) and (2) by sampling characteristics.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, use each system independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Mechanical Collection and Within-System Preparation of a Gross Sample of Coal from Moving Streams

ASTM D6518-06e1 煤机械取样系统偏差试验的标准实施规程

p>1.1 This practice presents sample collection and statistical evaluation procedures for testing mechanical sampling systems, subsystems, and individual system components for bias. It is the responsibility of the user of this practice to select the appropriate procedure for a specific sampling situation.1.2 This practice does not purport to define an absolute bias. Bias defined by this practice is the difference between the population mean of the mechanical sampler test results and the accepted reference value.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Bias Testing a Mechanical Coal Sampling System

ASTM D6542-05 计算料堆中煤吨数的标准实施规程

The physical inventory of tons of coal in a stockpile, as calculated by this practice, may be used for accounting and tax purposes. The inventory results may be compared to other estimates of the inventory, such as: 4.2.1 Tons from a previous inventory less tons shipped or consumed. 4.2.2 Tons estimated to have been received (from conveyor, rail or truck weights) less tons shipped or consumed.1.1 This practice is used to calculate the mass (commonly expressed in tons) of coal in a storage pile using the volume of the stockpile by Test Method D 6172 and the density of the coal determined by Test Method D 6347/D 6347M.1.2 This practice is applicable to all ranks of coal.1.3 The user of this standard determines when the density values provided by the survey require an adjustment for moisture.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems can result in nonconformance with the specification.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Tonnage Calculation of Coal in a Stockpile

ASTM D6347/D6347M-05 用核反射层深度密度法测定煤的体密度的标准试验方法

The measured mean bulk density of a coal stockpile is used with a measurement of the stockpile volume per Test Method D 6172. Procedures to determine the quantity of stockpiled coal. This measure of quantity is often used as a reference value for adjusting inventory records.1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the bulk density of coal using instrumentation that measures the relative backscatter of nuclear gamma radiation throughout the depth of the stockpile under test.1.2 This procedure is applicable to all ranks of coal.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents: therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. The equipment uses radioactive materials, which may be hazardous to the health of users, unless proper precautions are taken.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Bulk Density of Coal Using Nuclear Backscatter Depth Density Methods

ASTM D2799-05 显微测定煤的煤素质组分的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass, kilogram). 1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal

ASTM D2799-05a 显微测定煤的煤素质组分的标准试验方法

The volume percent of physical components of coal is used as an aid in coal seam correlation and in the characterization of coals for their use in carbonization, gasification, liquefaction, and combustion processes. This test method is for use in scientific and industrial research, not compliance or referee tests. 1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass, kilogram). 1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal

ASTM D1412-04 在96%-97%相对湿度和30℃时煤的平衡湿气的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers determination of the equilibrium moisture of coal in an atmosphere over a saturated solution of potassium sulfate at 30176;C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30176;C

ASTM D2013-04 分析用煤样品的制备的标准规程

1.1 This practice covers the reduction and division of gross or divided samples, and the preparation of composite samples, up to and including the individual portions for laboratory analysis.1.2 Reduction and division procedures are prescribed for coals of the following groups:1.2.1 Group Aincludes coals that have been cleaned in all sizes.1.2.2 Group Bincludes all other coals. Unknown coals are to be considered under Group B.1.2.3 Group A allows smaller weight laboratory samples to be retained than Group B. These lower weights may be used for particular coals if they have been shown, by using the procedures of Annex A1.2, to give a sample preparation and analysis variance which is no more than 20 % of the total analysis variance.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.

Standard Practice of Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis

ASTM D2797-04 反射光显微分析用煤样品制备的标准实施规范

DESIG: D2797 04 ^TITLE: Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light ^SCOPE:1. Scope 1.1 This practice covers laboratory procedures for the preparation of granular samples of bituminous coal and anthracite samples for examination with a microscope using reflected light illumination. It does not apply to the preparation of oriented blocks of coal.1.2 The values stated in SI units shall be considered as standard; and inch-pound units shall be considered as approximate equivalents.This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light

ASTM D6883-04(2012) 从有轨车辆, 驳船, 卡车或储料堆对静态煤手工取样的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining a manual gross sample from beneath the surface of coal in railroad cars, barges, trucks, or stockpiles. These procedures are to be used to provide gross samples for estimating the quality of the coal. The gross samples are to be crushed, divided, and further prepared for analysis in accordance with Practice D2013. 1.2 This practice provides instruction for sampling beneath the exposed surface coal to a depth of approximately 61 cm (24 in.). Collect samples at this depth to get below the surface of the material, since drying and oxidation may have occurred at, or near the surface. Changes in moisture, in particle size, and in other properties continue to occur deeper in the coal and, although not as drastic as near the surface, will cause the method to be biased. The user should review the conditions of the coal (weather conditions, prior transport, settling time, and so forth, see 8.1) so that the interested parties can agree that potential biases are not overly great or that some adjustment in specifications is warranted. Sample increments collected from the surface layer(s) of coal in railroad cars, barges, or stockpiles are classified condition ???D??? (see Practice D2234/D2234M, Increment Collection Classification). It is a good practice to require that ???details of sampling procedure shall be agreed upon in advance by all parties concerned??? whenever collection of sample increments falls under condition ???D.??? This practice offers a sampling procedure that parties may use to meet requirements of Practice D2234/D2234M for condition ???D.??? The practice does not produce samples that satisfy precision requirements of Practice D2234/D2234M general-purpose sampling, or Practice D2234/D2234M special-purpose sampling.......

Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles

ASTM D1857-04 煤和焦炭灰的可熔性标准试验方法

Design of most coal combustion and coal conversion equipment anticipates that the ash either remain solid or assume some degree of fluidity, depending on the particular design. Ash fusibility temperatures predict whether the ash will perform properly in the process for which the coal was chosen.1.1 This test method covers the observation of the temperatures at which triangular pyramids (cones) prepared from coal and coke ash attain and pass through certain defined stages of fusing and flow when heated at a specified rate in controlled, mildly reducing, and where desired, oxidizing atmospheres. 1.2 The test method is empirical, and strict observance of the requirements and conditions is necessary to obtain reproducible temperatures and enable different laboratories to obtain concordant results. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Fusibility of Coal and Coke Ash